subtract |səbˈtrakt|verb [ with obj. ]take away (a number or amount) from another to calculate the difference• take away (something) from something else so as to decrease the size, number, or amount
(from: New Oxford Dictionary)implication |ˌimpliˈkāSHən|noun1 the conclusion that can be drawn from something,although it is not explicitly stated• a likely consequence of something2 the action or state of being involved in something(from : British Dictionary)derive |diˈrīv|verb [ with obj. ] (derive something from)obtain something from (a specified source)• (derive something from) base a concept on a logical extension or modification of (another concept)• [ no obj. ] (derive from) (of a word) have (a specified word, usually of another language) as a root or origin• [ no obj. ] (derive from) arise from or originate in (a specified source)• (be derived from) Linguistics (of an expression in a natural language) be linked by a set of stages to (its underlying abstract form).• (be derived from) (of a substance) be formed or prepared by (a chemical or physical process affecting another substance)• Mathematics obtain (a function or equation) from another by a sequence of logical steps, for example by differentiation.(from: New Oxford Dictionary)indirect |ˌindəˈrekt|adjective1 not directly caused by or resulting from something• not done directly; conducted through intermediaries• (of costs) deriving from overhead charges or subsidiary work.• (of taxation) levied on goods and services rather than income or profits.2 (of a route) not straight; not following the shortest way.• (of lighting) from a concealed source and diffusely reflected.• Soccer denoting a free kick from which a goal may not be scored directly.3 avoiding direct mention or exposition of a subject: an indirect attack on the Senator.(from: New Oxford Dictionary)perception |pəˈsɛpʃ(ə)n|noun [ mass noun ]1 the ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses• awareness of something through the senses• Psychology & Zoology the neurophysiological processes, including memory, by which an organism becomes aware of and interprets external stimuli.2 the way in which something is regarded, understood, or interpreted• intuitive understanding and insight(from: British Dictionary)
postulateverb |ˈpäsCHəˌlāt| [ with obj. ]1 suggest or assume the existence, fact, or truth of (something) as a basis for reasoning, discussion, or belief2 (in ecclesiastical law) nominate or elect (someone) to an ecclesiastical office subject to the sanction of a higher authority.(from: New Oxford Dictionary)(Source: The Sense of Order, E.H. Gombrich P.102)
medium |ˈmēdēəm|noun ( pl. media |-dēə| or mediums )1 an agency or means of doing something• a means by which something is communicated or expressed2 the intervening substance through which impressions are conveyed to the senses or a force acts on objects at a distance• the substance in which an organism lives or is cultured3 a particular form of storage for digitized information, such as magnetic tape or discs4 a liquid (e.g., oil or water) with which pigments are mixed to make paint.• the material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer5 ( pl. mediums ) a person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living.6 the middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
interactive |ˌintərˈaktiv|adjective(of two people or things) influencing or having an effect on each other• (of a computer or other electronic device) allowing a two-way flow of information between it and a user, responding to the user's input(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
emphasize |ˈemfəˌsīz|verb [ with obj. ]give special importance or prominence to (something) in speaking or writing• lay stress on (a word or phrase) when speaking.• make (something) more clearly defined(from: New Oxford Dictionary)distinguished |disˈtiNGgwiSHt|adjectivesuccessful, authoritative, and commanding great respect• showing dignity or authority in one's appearance or manner(from: New Oxford Dictionary)remarkable |riˈmärkəbəl|adjectiveworthy of attention; striking(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
vary |ˈve(ə)rē|verb ( varies, varying, varied ) [ no obj. ]differ in size, amount, degree, or nature from something else of the same general class• change from one condition, form, or state to another• [ with obj. ] introduce modifications or changes into (something) so as to make it different or less uniform(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
contingent |kənˈtinjənt|adjective1 subject to chance• (of losses, liabilities, etc.) that can be anticipated to arise if a particular event occurs• Philosophy true by virtue of the way things in fact are and not by logical necessity2 (contingent on/upon) occurring or existing only if (certain other circumstances) are the case; dependent on(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
evolution |ˌevəˈlo͞oSHən|noun1 the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.2 the gradual development of something, esp. from a simple to a morecomplex form3 Chemistry the giving off of a gaseous product, or of heat.4 a pattern of movements or maneuvers5 Mathematics, dated the extraction of a root from a given quantity.(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
medium |ˈmēdēəm|noun ( pl. media |-dēə| or mediums )1 an agency or means of doing something• a means by which something is communicated or expressed2 the intervening substance through which impressions are conveyed to the senses or a force acts on objects at a distance• the substance in which an organism lives or is cultured3 a particular form of storage for digitized information, such as magnetic tape or discs4 a liquid (e.g., oil or water) with which pigments are mixed to make paint.• the material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer5 ( pl. mediums ) a person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living.6 the middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
interactive |ˌintərˈaktiv|adjective(of two people or things) influencing or having an effect on each other• (of a computer or other electronic device) allowing a two-way flow of information between it and a user, responding to the user's input(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
emphasize |ˈemfəˌsīz|verb [ with obj. ]give special importance or prominence to (something) in speaking or writing• lay stress on (a word or phrase) when speaking.• make (something) more clearly defined(from: New Oxford Dictionary)distinguished |disˈtiNGgwiSHt|adjectivesuccessful, authoritative, and commanding great respect• showing dignity or authority in one's appearance or manner(from: New Oxford Dictionary)remarkable |riˈmärkəbəl|adjectiveworthy of attention; striking(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
vary |ˈve(ə)rē|verb ( varies, varying, varied ) [ no obj. ]differ in size, amount, degree, or nature from something else of the same general class• change from one condition, form, or state to another• [ with obj. ] introduce modifications or changes into (something) so as to make it different or less uniform(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
contingent |kənˈtinjənt|adjective1 subject to chance• (of losses, liabilities, etc.) that can be anticipated to arise if a particular event occurs• Philosophy true by virtue of the way things in fact are and not by logical necessity2 (contingent on/upon) occurring or existing only if (certain other circumstances) are the case; dependent on(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
evolution |ˌevəˈlo͞oSHən|noun1 the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.2 the gradual development of something, esp. from a simple to a morecomplex form3 Chemistry the giving off of a gaseous product, or of heat.4 a pattern of movements or maneuvers5 Mathematics, dated the extraction of a root from a given quantity.(from: New Oxford Dictionary)
Semantic change
Semantic change, also known as semantic shift or semanticprogression describes the evolution of word usage — usually to the pointthat the modern meaning is radically different from the original usage. Indiachronic (or historical) linguistics, semantic change is a change in one ofthe meanings of a word. Every word has a variety of senses andconnotations, which can be added, removed, or altered over time, often to the extent that cognates across space and time have very different meanings. The study of semantic change can be seen as part of etymology,onomasiology, semasiology, and semantics.
(from: Wikipedia)
